Acoustic Emission Source Location in Composite-Honeycomb Sandwich Panel

Ahmed Hesham Abdulaziz, Mohammed Hedaya, Adel Elsabbagh, Karen M Holford, John Patrick McCrory

Abstract


Acoustic emission is a promising technique for damage detection and location in composite structures. It refers to the process of using a sensor array to detect the elastic waves generated by a damage source within a structure. However, it is challenging to propose suitable and reliable damage location strategies when applying this technique on composite-honeycomb sandwich panels due to their complex nature which affects the acoustic wave propagation. Further, composite-honeycomb sandwich panels are susceptible to damage on either one of their surfaces, yet acoustic emission sensors are likely to be bonded to just one of these surface and the ability of acoustic emission to locate events occurring on the opposite surface from which they are bonded has yet to be explored. This paper seeks to shed light on this phenomenon with an investigation into the ability of acoustic emission to locate sources in a glass fibre aluminium honeycomb sandwich panel, for sources originating from both the front and back surfaces. An array of four sensors was bonded to the front surface of a 820 x 820 mm sandwich panel. Artificial emission sources were generated on both front and back surfaces of sandwich panel. Two location techniques were used to locate the sources; difference in time of arrival, and Delta-T Mapping. For sources generated on the front surface, difference in time of arrival technique located all sources with an average error of 20.2 mm, while Delta-T Mapping located all sources with average error 11.1 mm. For the sources generated on the back surface, opposite to the sensors, difference in time of arrival technique located all sources with average error 42.8 mm, while Delta-T Mapping located them with an average error of 20.78 mm. Overall, Delta-T Mapping technique consistently demonstrates its potential and credibility for source location in complex structures when inspecting the sandwich panel in 2D and 3D, as well.

 

https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.13090127.2021.11.2.33.2


Keywords


Acoustic Emission; Artificial Defect Location; Honeycomb Sandwich Panel; Difference in Time of Arrival; Delta-T Mapping

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Belouettar, A. Abbadi, Z. Azari, R. Belouettar, and P. Freres, “Experimental investigation of static and fatigue behaviour of composites honeycomb materials using four point bending tests” Journal of Composite Structures, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 265–273, 2009.

O. T. Thomsen, “Sandwich materials for wind turbine blades—present and future,” Journal of Sandwich Structure Materials., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 7–26, 2009.

N. Karthikeyan, R. B. Anand, T. Suthakar, and S. Barhate, “Materials, Innovations and Future Research Opportunities on Wind Turbine Blades—Insight Review” Journal of Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, vol. 38, no. 3, 2019.

J. Lian, O. Cai, X. Dong, Q. Jiang, and Y. Zhao, “Health monitoring and safety evaluation of the offshore wind turbine structure: a review and discussion of future development” Journal of Sustainability, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 494, 2019.

H. Zhang and J. Jackman, “A feasibility study of wind turbine blade surface crack detection using an optical inspection method” in 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 2013, pp. 847–852.

Y. Gritli, A. O. Di Tommaso, R. Miceli, C. Rossi, and F. Filippetti, “Diagnosis of mechanical unbalance for double cage induction motor load in time-varying conditions based on motor vibration signature analysis” in 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 2013, pp. 1157–1162.

R. J. de Andrade Vieira, M. A. Sanz-Bobi, and S. Kato, “Wind turbine condition assessment based on changes observed in its power curve” in 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 2013, pp. 31–36.

R. J. de Andrade Vieira and M. A. Sanz-Bobi, “Power curve modelling of a wind turbine for monitoring its behaviour” in 2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 2015, pp. 1052–1057.

C. U. Grosse and M. Ohtsu, Acoustic emission testing, 1st edition, Spriger Science & Business Media, 2008.

E. K. Miller, K R; Hill, Non-Destructive Testing Handbook. Third Edition: Vol. 6, American Society for Non-Destructive Testing, 2005.

S. Grigg, C. A. Featherston, M. Pearson, and R. Pullin, “Advanced Acoustic Emission Source Location in Aircraft Structural Testing,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, vol. 1024, no. 1, p. 12029.

Y. Wu, M. Perrin, M.-L. Pastor, P. Casari, and X. Gong, “On the determination of acoustic emission wave propagation velocity in composite sandwich structures,” Journal of Composite Structures., pp. 113231, 2020.

S. Selmi, M. Habibi, L. Laperrière, and S. Kelouwani, “Characterisation of Natural Flax Fibers Honeycomb: Compression Damage Analysis Using Acoustic Emission” Journal of Natural Fibers, pp. 1–10, 2020.

S. Sikdar, W. Ostachowicz, and J. Pal, “Damage-induced acoustic emission source identification in an advanced sandwich composite structure”, Journal of Composite Structures., vol. 202, pp. 860–866, 2018.

ASTM Standard-976," Standard Guide for Determining the Reproducibility of Acoustic Emission Sensor Response,” ASTM B. Standard., p. 3, 1993.

A. H. Abdulaziz, J. P. McCrory, K. M. Holford, M. Hedaya, and A. Elsabbagh, “Effects of honeycomb core on acoustic emission wave propagation in glass fibre composite plates” in 58th Annual Conference of the British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing, Telford, 2019.

Y. G. Matvienko, I. E. Vasil’ev, D. V Chernov, and S. V Elizarov, “Criterion parameters for assessing degradation of composite materials by acoustic emission testing” Russian. Journal of Nondestructive Test, vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 811–819, 2018.

K. Holford, M. Eaton, J Hensman, R. Pullin, S. Evans, N. Dervilis, K. Worden, “A new methodology for automating acoustic emission detection of metallic fatigue fractures in highly demanding aerospace environments: An overview” Journal of Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 90, pp. 1–11, 2017.

S. Sikdar, P. Mirgal, S. Banerjee, and W. Ostachowicz, “Damage-induced acoustic emission source monitoring in a honeycomb sandwich composite structure” Composites. Part B Engineering, vol. 158, pp. 179–188, 2019.

F. A. Leone Jr, D. Ozevin, J. Awerbuch, and T.-M. Tan, “Detecting and locating damage initiation and progression in full-scale sandwich composite fuselage panels using acoustic emission” Journal of Composite Materials., vol. 47, no. 13, pp. 1643–1664, 2013.

C. A. Middleton, J. P. McCrory, R. J. Greene, K. Holford, and E. A. Patterson, “Detecting and Monitoring Cracks in Aerospace Materials Using Post-Processing of TSA and AE Data” Journal of Metals (Basel)., vol. 9, no. 7, p. 748, 2019.

R. Pullin, M. Baxter, M. Eaton, K. M. Holford, and S. L. Evans, “Novel acoustic emission source location” Journal of Acoustic Emission, vol. 25, pp. 215–223, 2007.

M. G. Baxter, R. Pullin, K. M. Holford, and S. L. Evans, “Delta T source location for acoustic emission” Journal of Mechanucal System and Signal Processing, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1512–1520, 2007.

Z. Zhou, R. Cheng; Y. Rui; J. Zhou; H. Wang; X. Cai and W. Chen., “An improved onset time picking method for low SNR acoustic emission signals” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 47756–47767, 2020.

M. R. Pearson, M. Eaton, C. Featherston, R. Pullin, and K. Holford, “Improved acoustic emission source location during fatigue and impact events in metallic and composite structures” Structural Health Monitoring, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 382–399, 2017.

S. K. Al-Jumaili, M. R. Pearson, K. M. Holford, M. J. Eaton, and R. Pullin, “Acoustic emission source location in complex structures using full automatic delta T mapping technique”, Journal of Mechanucal System and Signal Processing., vol. 72, pp. 513–524, 2016.

M. R. Pearson, M. J. Eaton, C. A. Featherston, R. Pullin, and K. M. Holford, “Improved acoustic emission damage source location during fatigue testing of complex structures” in Proceedings of the 34th Conference and the 28th Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue and Structural Integrity, 2015, pp. 846–853.

K. Holford, M. Eaton, A. Clarke, M. Pearson, C. Featherston, and R. Pullin, “Approaches to acoustic emission monitoring with applicability to key components in wind turbines” in Proceedings of 9th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring. Stanford University, USA, 2013.

J.-S. Bae, D.-G. Choi, S.-Y. Lee, C. Yoo, and D. Kim, “Preliminary study on a fabric-covered wind turbine blade” in 2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 2015, pp. 1196–1200.

A. E. Ahmed H Abdulaziz, Mohammed Hedaya, John P McCrory, Karen M Holford, “Parametric Study of Honeycomb Composite Structure Using Open Source Finite Element Software” in 27th UK Association of Computational Mechanics Conference, 2019.

F. Bai, D. Gagar, P. Foote, and Y. Zhao, “Comparison of alternatives to amplitude thresholding for onset detection of acoustic emission signals” Journal of Mechanucal System and Signal Processing., vol. 84, pp. 717–730, 2017.

N. Maeda, “A method for reading and checking phase times in autoprocessing system of seismic wave data” Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan, vol. 38, pp. 365–379, 1985.

S. Al-Jumaili, M. Pearson, K. Holford, M. Eaton, and R. Pullin, “Fast and Reliable Acoustic Emission Source Location Technique in Complex Structures” Journal of Mechanical System and Signal Processing, 2016.

A. H. Abdulaziz, M. Hedaya, A. Elsabbagh, K. M. Holford, and J. P. McCrory, “Acoustic Emission Wave Propagation in Glass Fibre Aluminium Honeycomb Sandwich Structures” Journal of Composite Structures, under review

H. Lamb, “On waves in an elastic plate” Proceeding of Royal Society-A, vol. 93, no. 648, pp. 114–128, 1917.




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v11i2.12000.g8206

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4