Synchronization of Wind Farm Power System to Utility Grid Under Voltage and Frequency Variations

Mouna REKIK, Achraf ABDELKAFI, Lotfi KRICHEN

Abstract


The high penetration of micro-grid (MG) based on renewable distributed generators (DG) in the electrical network has brought about new issues on the stability and the transient operation of the grid. However, the disconnection and the reconnection of these local networks may give rise to undesired transient overcurrents and other damage that have to be avoided. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a novel synchronization method for a DG grid connection. This synchronization method has been implemented in a grid-connected power converter that acts as an intelligent connection agent and adapts the magnitude, the frequency and the phase angle of the MG voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) to be equal to those of the main voltage, despite the grid frequency and voltage variations. The system is simulated using MATLAB software and results are discussed in order to prove the performance and the robustness of this synchronization technique.

Keywords


micro-grid; electrical network; grid synchronization; intelligent connection agent

Full Text:

PDF

References


M. Xia, X. Li, “Design and Implementation of a High Quality Power Supply Scheme for Distributed Generation in a Micro-Gridâ€, Energies, vol. 6, pp. 4924-4944, 2013.

N. Pogaku, M. Prodanovic, T. Green, “Modeling, Analysis and Testing of Autonomous Operation of an Inverter-Based Microgrid,†IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol. 22, pp. 613-625, 2007.

A.A. Bhuiyan, A.K.M.S. Islam, A.I. Alam, “Application of Wind Resource Assessment (WEA) tool: A case study in Kuakata, Bangladesh,†International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 1, pp.83-90, 2011.

B. Singh, “Introduction to FACTS Controllers in Wind Power Farms: A Technological Review,†International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 2, pp. 166-212, 2012.

Q. Jiang, M. Xue, G. Geng, “Energy Management of Microgrid in Grid-Connected and Stand-Alone Modes,†IEEE Trans. Power Syst, Vol. 28, pp. 3380-3389, 2013.

J.C. Hernández, J. De la Cruz, B. Ogayar, “Electrical protection for the grid-interconnection of photovoltaic-distributed generation,†Electr. Power Syst. Res, vol. 89, pp. 85-99, 2012.

IEEE Standard 1547-2003, IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems, IEEE: Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2003.

L.C. Gross, L.S. Anderson, R.C. Young, Avoid generator and system damage due to a slow synchronizing breaker, Wisconsin Electric Power Company and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, USA, 1997.

A.G. Abo-Khalil, “Synchronization of DFIG output voltage to utility grid in wind power system,†Renew. Energy, vol. 44, pp. 193-198, 2012.

Y. Han, L. Xu, M.M. Khan, G. Yao, L.D. Zhou, C. Chen, “A novel synchronization scheme for grid-connected converters by using adaptive linear optimal filter based PLL (ALOF–PLL) ,†Simul. Model. Pract. Th, vol. 17, pp. 1299-1345, 2009.

B.I. Rani, C.K. Aravind, G.S. Ilango, C. Nagamani, “A three phase PLL with a dynamic feed forward frequency estimator for synchronization of grid connected converters under wide frequency variations,†Elec. Power Energy Syst, vol. 41, pp. 63-70, 2012.

S. Golestan, M. Monfared, F.D. Freijedo, J.M. Guerrero, “Advantages and Challenges of a Type-3 PLL,†IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol. 28, pp. 4985-4997, 2013.

R.H. Lasseter, P. Piagi, Control and design of microgrid components, Final project report: PSERC publication, 2006.

A. Kulkarni, A Hidden Reliability Threat in UPS Static Bypass Switches, Schneider Electric white paper library, 2011.

Schaefer Engineering, Static Switches, Available online: www.schaeferpower.com.

Standard EN 50160-2004, Voltage Characteristics in Public Distribution Systems, Brussels, Belgium, 2004.

Technical requirements for connecting distributed recourses to the Manitoba Hydro system, Manitoba Hydro-Electric Board, DRG 2003, Rev2, 2011.

G. Gurrala, I. Sen, “Power System Stabilizers Design for Interconnected Power Systems,†IEEE Trans. Power Syst, vol. 25, pp. 1042-1051, 2010.

X.F. Wang, Y. Song, M. Irving, Modern Power Systems Analysis, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2009.

D. Ketata, L. Krichen, “Modeling, control, and power management of a power electrical system including two distributed generators based on fuel cell and supercapacitor,†Renew. Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, pp. 033122-033137, 2013.

F. Bensmaine, A. Barakat, S. Tnani, G. Champenois, E. Mouni, “Dual control of synchronous generator for terminal voltage regulation-comparison with a single control,†Electr. Power Syst. Res, vol. 91, pp. 78-86, 2012.

A. Barakat, S. Tnani, G. Champenois, E. Mouni, “Analysis of synchronous machine modeling for simulation and industrial applications,†Simul. Model. Pract. Th, vol. 18, pp. 1382-1396, 2010.

A.M. El-Zonkoly, “Optimal placement of multi-distributed generation units including different load models using particle swarm optimization,†Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, vol. 1, pp. 50-59, 2011.

B. DeMetz-Noblat, G. Jeanjean, Dynamic stability of industrial electrical networks, Technical collection no. 185, Schneider Electric, 1997.

R. Kallel, G. Boukettaya, L. Krichen, “Control Management Strategy of Stand-Alone Hybrid Power Micro-System using Super-Capacitor,†International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 4, pp. 210-223, 2014.

M. Dicorato, G. Forte, M. Trovato, “Wind farm stability analysis in the presence of variable-speed generators,†Energy, vol. 39, pp. 40-47, 2012.

H.W. Kim, S.S. Kim, H.S. Ko, “Modeling and control of PMSG-based variable-speed wind turbine,†Electr. Power Syst. Res, vol. 80, pp. 46-52, 2010.

A. Kusiak, H. Zheng, Z. Song, “Short-term prediction of wind farm power: A data mining approach,†IEEE Trans. Energy Convers, vol. 24, pp. 125-136, 2009.

L.C. Cradden, F. Restuccia, S.L. Hawkins, G.P. Harrison, “Consideration of Wind Speed Variability in Creating a Regional Aggregate Wind Power Time Series,†Resources, vol. 3, pp. 215-234, 2014.

M. Rekik, A. Abdelkafi; L. Krichen, “A novel control strategy of a distributed generator operating in seven modes for ancillary services under grid faults,†Elec. Power Energy Syst, vol. 47, pp. 100-108, 2013.

M.A. Tankari, M.B. Camara, B. Dakyo, C. Nichita, “Ultracapacitors and Batteries Integration for Power Fluctuations mitigation in Wind-PV-Diesel Hybrid System,†International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 1, pp. 86-95, 2011.




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v5i1.1811.g6473

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4